It is said that Ali agreed to the arbitration in a clever scheme of his, so that he could identify the sect that the Prophet had warned him from. It is reported that the Prophet said to Ali warning him of a future sect in Islam:
"Coming after me a sect that hurt me in my Itrati (posterity), They keep (meaning from time to time) coming out ( khuruj from Kharijites) against muslims, Kill them O 'Ali, kill them, for they will be the Syiah of Ad-Dajjal".
The Kharijites fitted the Prophet' description. So Ali hurriedly divided his troops and ordered them to catch the dissenters before they reach major cities and disperse among the population. The Kharijites few decades later used taqiyah and assimilated and posed as the Syiah of Ali especially that after Ali's death and the death of his son Hussein 20 years later, most of the Sahabah (companions of the prophet) who supported Ali, had already died too either by age or on the hands of the Kharijites themselves, so that they could not be identified, and then to seek protection from persecution which though started by Ali but neverthless continued unabated by The Umayyads.
Kharijites - Origin
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